内容摘要： 基于统计数字，本文研究了在世纪末匈牙利大多数发达的省级城市多语现象的程度。我认为，多语现象是非常稀少的，这一点远超学者们的观点。多语现象确切的特征与当地社会关系（宗教，性别，等）和语言市场紧密相关。基于当地社会的不同，匈牙利政府推动的日益增长的民族主义和马扎尔人（马扎尔人原为蒙古族，译者注）公共空间的扩张对多语现象的影响并不明确。

Abstract: Based on statistical source, this paper examines to what extent of the most advanced provincial cities in fin-de-siecle Hungary were multilingual. I argue that multilingualism was a far less present phenomenon than scholarship suggests. The exact features of multilingualism were closely connected to the local social relations (religions, gender, etc.) and market of language. The growing nationalism promoted by the Hungarian government and the expansion of Magyar public space has an ambiguous impact on multilingualism, depending on the local society.

关键词：多语现象;匈牙利;城市历史;统计数字;

Keyword:multilingualism;Hungary;urban history;statistics;

作者：Balint Varga, 周学文(文摘翻译)(中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所)

来源： 《Nationalities Paper》 2014年 第6期