内容摘要： 平权行动经常被概念化为在种群紧张和社会经济不平等情况下的冲突解决机制。当然，斐济的案例显示，平权行动也可以引发公共冲突，平权行动经常被政治党派和精英用作服务于政治和个人目的政治杠杆。在后殖民地国家如斐济，当指定的集团在政治纲领和民众支持上占优势时，他们一方面使用平权行动解决不平等，另一方面也玩弄政治平衡，这一矛盾是一个普遍存在的窘境。在文章回顾部分的时期（2000-2006年），平权行动用作安抚族群、动员选举支持和自肥的杠杆，这最终导致了权利滥用、丑闻、甚至更大的紧张。

Abstract: Affirmative action is often conceptualized as a conflict resolution mechanism in a situation of ethnic tension and socio-economic inequality. However, as the case of Fiji shows, affirmative action can also help spawn communal strife. Affirmative action is often used as political leverage by political parties and elites to serve political and personal ends. In post-colonial states like Fiji, where the designated groups are the politically dominant and demographic majority, the contradiction between using Affirmative action to address inequality on one hand and political leveraging on the other is a common dilemma. In the period under review in the article (2000-2006), Affirmative action was used as leverage for ethnic appeasement, mobilization of electoral support and self-enrichment. This led to abuse, scandals and even more tension.

关键词：平权行动，族群，当地发展，军事政变，族群民族主义;

Keyword:affirmative action, ethnicity, indigenous development, military coups, ethno-nationalism;

作者：Steven Ratuva(著), 周学文(译)(中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,)

来源： 《Social Identities 2014. May》 第1-3期