内容摘要： 尽管对在美国的移民教育的种族/族裔差别有大量的研究兴趣，但研究移民后成人教育的种族/族裔差别的决定因素的研究还很有限。当教育成为改变移民融入美国能力的关键因素时，很多移民到美国的是年轻的成人移民。我们使用《国家家庭教育》（NHES）来探讨是否移民前的人力资本和移民后的社会经济现状能够解释移民后教育的种族/族裔差别。结果揭示，相对白人和亚裔移民，拉丁移民较少参加高级的以及与职业相关的教育项目，但是他们在追求普通教育方面超过亚裔。这些不同可用移民前的不同种族/族裔人力资本的差别、移民后的就业差异、以及移民前教育差异来解释，其中特别重要的是移民前教育和语言培训。由此我们得出结论，教育存在一个跨国界复制社会阶层结构的趋势，因此社会政策应该削弱这些累积劣势的进程。

Abstract: Despite the extensive scholarly interest in racial/ethnic differences in education among immigrants in the USA, limited research has examined the determinants of racial/ethnic gaps in post-migration adult education. Most immigrants, however, move to the USA as young adults, when education is decisive in shaping their incorporation. We use the National Household Education (NHES) to examine whether pre-migration human capital and post-migration socio-economic circumstances can account for racial/ethno differences in post-migration schooling. The results reveal that Latino immigrants are less likely than white and Asian immigrants to attend advanced and career-related educational programmes, but they seek general education more than Asians. These differences can be explained by racial/ethno disparities in pre-migration human capital and post-migration employment, with pre-migration education and language training being particularly important. We conclude that education has a tendency to reproduce class structures across borders, and that social policy should counteract these cumulative disadvantage processes.

关键词：移民后教育，国外出生的，种族/族裔少数民族，拉丁裔美国人，成人移民，移民人力资本投资模型;

Keyword:post-migration education, foreign-born，racial/ethno minorities, Hispanics, adult immigrants;

作者：Rocio Cslvo, Natalia Sarkisian, 周学文(翻译)

来源： 《Ethnic and Racial Studies, June 2015》 第7期