内容摘要： 美国是否对具有不同背景的人提供了对国家平等的认同感？过去的研究已经证明了民族/种族对国家认同水平的差异，但很少有研究什么可以从心理上缓解这些不平等。本研究探讨了群体歧视知觉如何与多数民族群体和少数民族群体的国家的认同和民族的认同相关联。研究1考察是否群体歧视知觉减轻了组内分组对民族认同和国家认同的差异。研究2通过调换一个项目的操作次序制造了明显的群体歧视，用来考察对国家和民族认同的影响。这两项研究表明，在一般情况下，对于大多数的少数民族，高水平的群体歧视知觉与低水平的国家认同和高水平的民族认同相关联。相反，在多数民族群体成员中，高水平的歧视知觉预示了高水平的国家认同，而对民族认同的影响不大。

Abstract: Does the United States afford people of different backgrounds a sense of equal identification with the nation? Past research has documented ethnic/racial group differences on levels of national identity but there has been little research examining what psychologically moderates these disparities. The present research investigates how perceived group discrimination is associated with national and ethnic identification among ethnic majority and minority groups. Study 1 examines whether perceived group discrimination moderates subgroup differences on national and ethnic identification. Study 2 makes salient group discrimination—via an item order manipulation—and examines the effects on national and ethnic identification. In general, the 2 studies demonstrate that for most ethnic minorities higher perceptions of group discrimination are related to lower levels of national identity and higher ethnic identity. Conversely, among majority group members, higher levels of perceived discrimination predict higher levels of national identity with little influence on ethnic identification. 

作者：Molina, Ludwin E.; Phillips, Nia L.; Sidanius, Jim(著), 周学文(译)

来源： 《Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology》 2015年 第2期